OOPS with Swift

OOPS applied to Swift with examples and references.

Basics

1. Polymorphism
   — The word ‘polymorphism’ literally means ‘a state of having many shapes’ or ‘the capacity to take on different forms’.
   — Type casting is an example of polymorphism
   — Ref: https://www.hackingwithswift.com/read/0/20/polymorphism-and-typecasting
2. Inheritance
   — A class can inherit methods, properties, and other characteristics from another class.
   — When one class inherits from another, the inheriting class is known as a subclass, and the class it inherits from is known as its superclass. Inheritance is a fundamental behavior that differentiates classes from other types in Swift.
   — Ref: https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/LanguageGuide/Inheritance.html
3. Abstraction
   — Swift programming language doesn’t support abstract classes. Fortunately, there are workarounds by using;

• Protocols
• Abstract classes

Ref: https://cocoacasts.com/how-to-create-an-abstract-class-in-swift

Advanced

1. Dynamic Dispatch

• Method Dispatch is the mechanism that helps to decide which operation should be executed, or more specifically, which method implementation should be used.
• Static dispatch is supported by both reference & value types, whereas dynamic dispatch is supported only by classes
• Ref: https://cocoacasts.com/how-to-create-an-abstract-class-in-swift